Explanation of gases released by laser engraving.
Combustible gas release from laser engraving is extremely minuscule. When materials are engraved with a laser, they emit combustion products. These consist largely of simple carbon smoke and debris. Gases are also produced; typical combustion gas products for some common engraving materials are shown below.
The values are provided in parts per million in the air drawn off the engraving area, except for CO2, expressed in percent.
Material HCN NO2 CO CO2 HOCH CoCl2 Styrene
Marble — — 25 0.25% — — —
Stained Wood 45 >30 >500 0.3% — — —
Pressboard >60 — >50 0.5% >5 — 12
Engraver’s Plastic — — 25 — >5 — 5
Engraver’s Plastic w/Foil — — >5 — 3 0.1 >25
Lexan Polycarbonate — — >50 — 2 — —
Lucite Acrylic — — 5 — >5 — —
Oil-Dyed Cowhide >60 — >500 0.25% — — 20
The total volume of engraving products produced (solids and gases together) may be determined by multiplying the engraved area by its depth. The weight may then be calculated by multiplying the volume by the density of the material engraved.
Example Emissions:
Particulates:
Premise: Engraving a wood plaque.
Dimensions: 5″ x 7″ x 5/8″ = 21.88 in3
Weight: 0.83 lb
Density: 0.83lb/21.88 in3 = 0.038 lb/in3
Engraved Volume (estimate) = 4″ x 6″ x 0.020″ => 0.35 in3
Particulate Volume = Engraved Volume = 0.35 in3
Particulate Weight = (0.038 lb/in3 )(0.35 in3) = 0.013 lb
Then, assuming 6240 plaques/year; 0.01 lb/plaque, total effluvient weight is (6240)(0.013) = 81 lb./year = 0.041 tons/year.
Gases:
Premises: Wood Plaques. Air exhaust at 76 CFM. Engraving 5 days/week, 52 weeks/year, 8 hours/day.
Total Time = 5 x 52 x 8 x 60 = 124,800 minutes
Total Gas Effluent (Air + Combustion Products) = (124,800 min)(76 ft3/min) = 9,484,800 ft3
Then,
NO2 @ 30 ppm => (9.484800)(30) = 284.5 ft3/year
CO @ 500 ppm => (9.484800)(500) = 4742.4 ft3/year
CO2 @ 500 ppm => (9,484,800)(.003) = 28,454.4 ft3/year
Others @ 60 ppm => (9.484800)(60) = 569.1 ft3/year